Cross-sectional study of the frequency of transfusion related acute lung injury in 1st and 2nd categories hospitals in Douala

Abstract

Introduction: Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury “TRALI” is a little-known complication. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and factors associated with TRALI in Douala.

Material and method: We carried out a prospective, cross-sectional, and analytical study in 2021 among transfused patients hospitalized at the Gynaeco-obstetrics and pediatric hospital of Douala, the General Hospital of Douala, and the Laquintinie Hospital
of Douala. Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression tests were used to determine factors associated with TRALI.

Results: A total of 349 participants were included in the study. Most transfusions were performed in isogroup (341 [97.71%]). The detection of irregular agglutinin was low (4/349, 1.2%]) and 258 (73.9%) participants were monitored. However, transfusion monitoring was done entirely for 169 (65.5%) of the participants. The frequency of TRALI was 2.58% or 9 participants. TRALI predominated in women (6/9, 66.7%). The Gyneco obstetrics department reported the most cases 5 (55.6%). TRALI was significantly
associated with a history of blood transfusion (RR 2.5, 95% CI 1.6 – 10.3, p=0.01), with the use of platelet concentrate (RR 21.1, 95% CI 1.7 – 257.5, p=0.03) and multiparity (RR 3.4, 95% CI 1.6 – 11.9, p=0.001).

Conclusion: TRALI were uncommon in Douala. Factors associated with TRALI were history of transfusions, use of platelet concentrate and multiparity.