Association Between Follicular-Serum Levels of Inflammatory Cytokines and Oocyte Quality

Abstract

Background: Oocyte maturity is a significant concern in assisted reproductive technology, impacting oocyte quality and fertility outcomes. This study aimed at investigating the association between follicular and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and oocyte quality in women undergoing assisted reproductive technology.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of nine months at the Center for Research and Application in Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproduction, Yaoundé. Sixty-one women eligible for assisted reproductive technology were enrolled. Comprehensive data collection included sociodemographic details, medical history, and biological samples. Cytokine levels (IL-10, G-CSF, IFN-γ) were measured using sandwich ELISA.

Results: The findings revealed higher follicular concentrations of IL-10 (20.86 pg/ml) and G-CSF (48.04 pg/ml) compared to serum levels (13.91 pg/ml and 29.16 pg/ml, respectively), with significant differences noted (p < 0.05). A significant association was
found between serum G-CSF levels and the percentage of matured oocytes (p < 0.001). In contrast, no significant correlation was observed between IL-10 levels and oocyte maturity.

Conclusion: Understanding cytokine profiles in follicular fluid and in blood could inform therapeutic strategies to improve oocyte quality and fertility outcomes in women undergoing assisted reproductive technology.