Prise en charge de la cryptorchidie congénitale de l’enfant à l’Hôpital Gynéco-Obstétrique et Pédiatrique de Yaoundé

Abstract

Background: Congenital undescended testis or cryptorchidism is one of the most frequent genital malformations that affect the boy. Despite the therapeutic progress of surgery and microsurgery, many patients are not subjected to treatment at an age where the functional prognosis is still favorable. The aim of this work is to assess the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of congenital cryptorchidism in children in a tertiary hospital in Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Methods: This is a descriptive study having a retrospective phase and a prospective phase of the cases of cryptorchidism diagnosed and treated in the Pediatric surgery Department of the Gynecology-obstetrics and pediatric hospital in Yaoundé, from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2016.

Results: Of the 23650 patients who were consulted, 82 cases of cryptorchidism were diagnosed, of which 79 were operated. Hospital prevalence was 41%. Congenital cryptorchidism was most often unilateral with a straight predominance in 50% of cases (41 patients). The first track inguinal was the most practiced in 78 cases (95%). Diagnostic laparoscopy was performed in 15 patients (18% of cases). We have objectively 5 cases (13.1%) of postoperative testicular atrophy on an average 3-year retreat.

Conclusion: Congenital cryptorchidism is usually diagnosed late. The diagnostic and treatment approach varies depending on whether the undescended testicle is palpable or not, and whether the condition is unilateral or bilateral.